Smartphone microscope images virus


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http://www.scienceagogo.com/news/20130817211301data_trunc_sys.shtml

Smartphone microscope can see a single virus

A smartphone-based microscope attachment developed at UCLA is sensitive enough to detect viruses and nanoparticles, allowing sophisticated biomedical testing in places where laboratory facilities are not available.

The lead developer behind the new device, Aydogan Ozcan, says the microscope attachment weighs less than half a pound and can be attached to a variety of smartphones.

Capturing clear images of objects as small as a single virus has been difficult in the past as the optical signal strength and contrast are very low for objects that are smaller than the wavelength of light.

To counter this, Ozcan's microscope attachment uses a color filter, an external lens, and a laser diode that illuminates the sample at a steep angle of around 75 degrees. This oblique illumination avoids the problem of scattered light detection that would otherwise interfere with the fluorescent image. All the components are housed in a 3D printed case that attaches to the phone.

Using the device, Ozcan's team was able to detect single human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles. HCMV is a common virus that can cause birth defects such as deafness and brain damage and can hasten the death of adults who have received organ implants, who are infected with the HIV virus, or whose immune systems have otherwise been weakened. A single HCMV particle measures about 150-300 nanometers (a human hair is around 100,000 nanometers thick).

In a separate experiment, the researchers also detected nanoparticles as small as 90-100 nanometers. The team used a scanning electron microscope and a photon-counting confocal microscope to verify the new device's imaging capabilities.

"These results constitute the first time that single nanoparticles and viruses have been detected using a smartphone-based, field-portable imaging system," noted Ozcan, who envisages that the device could be used for the detection of bacteria and viruses in remote and resource-limited environments.

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Scanning electron microscope left, smartphone right

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There are already smartphone products on the market for doing EKG. EEG, ultrasounds (including Doppler) and some lab tests. Other labs are working on T-ray and other imagers and other advanced toys.

The Tricorder is becoming real.

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;) Royal Raymond Rife was way ahead of them, 80 years ago:

 

The Universal Prismatic Microscope

Consisting of 5,682 parts and able to achieve resolutions of up to 100,000 diameters.

Royal Rife's inventions include a heterodyning ultraviolet microscope, a micro-dissector, and a micromanipulator.  When you thoroughly understand Rife's achievements, you may well decide that he has one of the most gifted, versatile, scientific minds in human history.

By 1920, Royal Rife had finished building the world's first virus microscope.  By 1933, he had perfected that technology and had constructed the incredibly complex Universal Microscope, which had nearly 6,000 different parts and was capable of magnifying objects 60,000 times their normal size!   With this incredible microscope, Rife became the first human to actually see a live virus, and until quite recently, the Universal Microscope was the only one which was able view live viruses.

Modern electron microscopes instantly kill everything beneath them, viewing only the mummified remains and debris. What the Rife microscope can see is the bustling activity of living viruses as they change form to accommodate changes in environment, replicate rapidly in response to carcinogens, and transform normal cells into tumor cells.

But how was Rife able to accomplish this, in an age when electronics and medicine were still just evolving?  Here are a few technical details to placate the skeptics...

Rife painstakingly identified the individual spectroscopic signature of each microbe, using a slit spectroscope attachment. Then, he slowly rotated block quartz prisms to focus light of a single wavelength upon the microorganism he was examining.  This wavelength was selected because it resonated with the spectroscopic signature frequency of the microbe based on the now-established fact that every molecule oscillates at its own distinct frequency.

 The atoms that come together to form a molecule are held together in that molecular configuration with a covalent energy bond which both emits and absorbs its own specific electromagnetic frequency.  No two species of molecule have the same electromagnetic oscillations or energetic signature. (This allows frequencies to be directed at just the exact virus, bacteria, etc... attacking the body, without harming any other tissue or organisms.)  Resonance amplifies light in the same way two ocean waves intensify each other when they merge together.

The result of using a resonant wavelength is that micro-organisms which are invisible in white light, suddenly become visible in a brilliant flash of light when they are exposed to the color frequency that resonates with their own distinct spectroscopic signature. Royal Rife was thus able to see these otherwise invisible organisms and watch them actively invading tissues cultures.  Royal Rife's discovery enabled him to view organisms that no one else could see with ordinary microscopes.

More than 75% of the organisms Rife could see with his Universal Microscope are only visible with ultra-violet light. But ultraviolet light is outside the range of human vision, it is 'invisible' to us. Royal Rife's brilliance allowed him to overcome this limitation by heterodyning, a technique which became popular in early radio broadcasting.   He illuminated the microbe (usually a virus or bacteria) with two different wavelengths of the same ultraviolet light frequency which resonated with the spectral signature of the microbe.  These two wavelengths produced interference where they merged. This interference was, in effect, a third, longer wave which fell into the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.  This was how Dr. Rife made invisible microbes visible without killing them, a feat which today's electron microscopes still cannot duplicate.
 

http://www.frequencyrising.com/rifemachine_PrismaticMicroscope.html

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Rife

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