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Is there a free software that can join Mpeg-2 videos without re-encoding?


Question

I use a DVD recorder to record shows from TV and I'm trying to edit out the commercials. I have many softwares that can snip out parts of the video and I use it to snip out the parts of the videos that I want and I would like to piece it together to make it commercial-free.

So let's say I record an episode of a TV show and the half-hour show goes something like this...

Beginning

Commercial Break

Middle

Commercial Break

End

So, I have many softwares that will clip the parts that I want. So, I clip the parts that I want, i.e. Beginning, Middle and End, because I don't want the commercials. However, I have three separate clips (Beg, Mid, End) and would now like to simply piece them together without re-encoding since it results in quality loss. I have tried many softwares, such as Mpeg2Cut2, and many of these softwares just screw up the video. It does a horrendous job! It will not piece together a video without causing any sort of weird side effect.

I don't understand. It's a simple thing.... I just want to join these mpeg videos together and make it one mpeg video! That's it!!

Is there any free software out there than can perform this simple thing without any problems?

Thanks!

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There is a thread on a similar topic here, but there is no polished solution posted. However, you could probably create your own script without too much hassle based on the information posted in the aforementioned thread, if you're so inclined.

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Im pretty sure you can copy them into one file copy /b this how I recall doing it in the past

copy /b snip1.mpg+snip2.mpg+snip3.mpg newfile.mpg

When I get a chance I can verify that -- but I thought you were going to go the digital route.. Converting the files to h.264 should not in any way degrade the quality, if it is - your doing it wrong ;)

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When I get a chance I can verify that -- but I thought you were going to go the digital route.. Converting the files to h.264 should not in any way degrade the quality, if it is - your doing it wrong ;)

It is.

And the digital route is WAY too time consuming. Takes over an hour to convert a 45 minute show to h.264. Formatting to DVD and burning will take less than 20 minutes....

And is this what you're talking about?

http://txpress.blogspot.com/2007/01/join-multiple-video-mpg-files-in.html

I just googled it now and saw that link. I can try it when I get home. I hope it's that simple.

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Well let me fire up my dvd recorder tonight and to a little testing of my own. So I can get mpeg2 file to work with.

But you could also just use the mpg files as your digital copy - burning it to DVD is the part I don't understand.

So did you try out the copy /b command..

edit: I have some titus and seinfeld dvd's -- might just grab an episode off those to do the test with so I don't have to bother spending the recording time on dvd recorder to get a file to work with. I doubt the older dvds are encrypted? So should be able to just copy the vob off and change convert it to h264.

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Well let me fire up my dvd recorder tonight and to a little testing of my own. So I can get mpeg2 file to work with.

But you could also just use the mpg files as your digital copy - burning it to DVD is the part I don't understand.

So did you try out the copy /b command..

I'm not at home now. I'll try tonight.

I burn to DVD so I don't have to store on my hard drive and also, I can play the files on a DVD player. Extracting mpg files from formatted DVDs is very easy. So, I can always take the DVDs I burn and turn them back into video files in no time.

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Ok I just grabbed a vob off one of my titus dvds

Complete name : D:\testmpeg2\VTS_01_2.VOB

Format : MPEG-PS

File size : 1 024 MiB

Overall bit rate mode : Variable

Video

ID : 224 (0xE0)

Format : MPEG Video

Format version : Version 2

Format profile : Main@Main

Format settings, BVOP : Yes

Format settings, Matrix : Custom

Format settings, GOP : M=3, N=15

Bit rate mode : Variable

Maximum bit rate : 8 802 Kbps

Width : 720 pixels

Height : 480 pixels

Display aspect ratio : 4:3

Frame rate : 29.970 fps

Standard : NTSC

Color space : YUV

Chroma subsampling : 4:2:0

Bit depth : 8 bits

Scan type : Interlaced

Scan order : Top Field First

Compression mode : Lossy

Fired up handbrake - picked normal as the preset and 2 minutes later

post-14624-0-43354600-1359115481.png

Now have MUCH smaller file only 325MB vs 1024 MB of the VOB

Complete name : D:\testmpeg2\test.m4v

Format : MPEG-4

Format profile : Base Media / Version 2

Codec ID : mp42

File size : 318 MiB

Duration : 21mn 15s

Overall bit rate mode : Variable

Overall bit rate : 2 092 Kbps

Encoded date : UTC 2013-01-25 11:53:03

Tagged date : UTC 2013-01-25 11:55:25

Writing application : HandBrake 0.9.8 2012071700

Video

ID : 1

Format : AVC

Format/Info : Advanced Video Codec

Format profile : [email protected]

Format settings, CABAC : Yes

Format settings, ReFrames : 4 frames

Codec ID : avc1

Codec ID/Info : Advanced Video Coding

Duration : 21mn 15s

Bit rate mode : Variable

Bit rate : 1 927 Kbps

Width : 720 pixels

Height : 480 pixels

Display aspect ratio : 4:3

Original display aspect ratio : 4:3

Frame rate mode : Variable

Frame rate : 29.970 fps

Minimum frame rate : 9.785 fps

Maximum frame rate : 29.970 fps

Standard : NTSC

Color space : YUV

Chroma subsampling : 4:2:0

Bit depth : 8 bits

Scan type : Progressive

Bits/(Pixel*Frame) : 0.186

Stream size : 293 MiB (92%)

Writing library : x264 core 120

Encoding settings : cabac=1 / ref=1 / deblock=1:0:0 / analyse=0x1:0x111 / me=hex / subme=2 / psy=1 / psy_rd=1.00:0.00 / mixed_ref=0 / me_range=16 / chroma_me=1 / trellis=0 / 8x8dct=0 / cqm=0 / deadzone=21,11 / fast_pskip=1 / chroma_qp_offset=0 / threads=6 / sliced_threads=0 / nr=0 / decimate=1 / interlaced=0 / bluray_compat=0 / constrained_intra=0 / bframes=3 / b_pyramid=2 / b_adapt=1 / b_bias=0 / direct=1 / weightb=1 / open_gop=0 / weightp=1 / keyint=300 / keyint_min=30 / scenecut=40 / intra_refresh=0 / rc_lookahead=10 / rc=crf / mbtree=1 / crf=20.0 / qcomp=0.60 / qpmin=3 / qpmax=69 / qpstep=4 / ip_ratio=1.40 / aq=1:1.00

Encoded date : UTC 2013-01-25 11:53:03

Tagged date : UTC 2013-01-25 11:55:25

Color primaries : BT.601 NTSC

Transfer characteristics : BT.709

Matrix coefficients : BT.601

As to quality - I am not seeing any loss in it.. Maybe I am not as tuned to video quality of DVD video at max 720x480 from the source resolution on my HD TV or my computer monitor that runs at 1280x1024 resolution?

Lets say there some loss in quality - at only 1/3 of the size.. I can live with it ;)

edit: BTW got me wanting my titus on my server - not sure why I had never bothered to rip it before. So fired up makemkv - which is using mpeg2 in the mkv container so they are HUGE.. But makes it real easy to pull off the episodes as titles and only grab the audio you want if there is other lang, commentary, tracks.

Then just popped those files into a handbrake queue. First 2 disks done without even really thinking about it. Just click a few buttons when I think about it as I go about my morning surfing, etc. Takes longer to copy the video off the dvd then it does for handbrake to convert them to smaller size and better format. I will get a few more of the dvds copied over before I head out to work - and then just let handbrake convert them while gone.

My point of this - is who really cares if takes 2 minutes or 20? Just queue it up and let run when your sleeping or away from the house, etc.

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Im pretty sure you can copy them into one file copy /b this how I recall doing it in the past

copy /b snip1.mpg+snip2.mpg+snip3.mpg newfile.mpg

Ok, just tested it. The good news is, it joined the files. The bad news is that it had the same side effect as the other softwares I tried. I tried to remove the commercials from a 60 minute show. After I snipped the videos and joined them, the commercials that I removed are gone (which is what I wanted, of course), but the timer still clocks at 60 minutes!!! When I formatted it to DVD, it still clocks at 60 minutes. When I tried playing the DVD file on the computer, it plays fine but the timer just gets messed up because the video is less than 60 minutes, but the timer on the video is insisting it's 60 minutes. Now, when I tried playing on a DVD player, the player gets stuck on the edited parts. I hope I'm not confusing anyone, but I can't help it because it is a very confusing problem.

But long story short, this did not merge successfully. It merged, but it's obviously badly merged together since the timer got messed up and the DVD players freak out at the edited parts. Sigh! It doesn't look like this simple thing can be done. I'm just going to give up, leave the videos the way they are, and just add chapter stops after the commercial breaks. That way I can just press "skip" on the remote to easily bypass the commercials when I rewatch these videos.

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If the time is messed up - hmmm idx for mpeg is at the end of the file? So ok its possible that some stand alone player that does not reindex the file on load might have issues. You would have to reindex the file I would think

Stand alone players for DVD are old school ;)

I would think avidemux could prob reindex the file for you. Or prob mencoder -forceidx

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If you can live with mkv files mkvtoolnix can mux mpeg files and have a nice gui. Just add the first file and append the rest and they should play without issue. I didn't try with split files but i downloaded samples from here and they played fine in mpc-hc when joined.

You should also have a look at ffmpeg if you are not afraid to use the command line . Here are instructions for splitting and joining.

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He doesn't want to use any sort of modern container for his files, nor does he want to use a modern codec. He wants to write the files to DVD so he can play them in his dvd player.

Think of it of 1999, and he is partying there ;)

He says that converting the files to h264 messes up the quality of his recorded to a dvd files which then pulls off creates a menu for and then reburns to dvd. Problem he is having now if he edits the file to pull out the commercials he is left with 3 or 4 snips of video that he wants to rejoin. But the index would be off when done this way and standalone players are not going to reindex on the fly like many software players do to forgive the issues in the file.

So he needs to join them back together and create a new index for the now shorter file. I would assume ffmpeg would do that - but he doesn't want to spend any processing time on the file ;)

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Apparently you guys don't care about quality loss, but I do. Even if it's just a little, I don't like it. That's one of the reasons why I'd rather buy a movie on Blu-ray and why I upgrade some of my DVD movies to Blu-ray. I want to watch my movies and shows in the best quality I can.

And my friend, if you're insisting that DVD is out and h264 is in, you're wrong. BLU-RAY is the new thing!! And as far as I'm concerned, all Blu-ray players play DVDs. So as long as Blu-ray players are around, then my DVDs are playable.

So, if you want to "get with the times," then ditch h254 and buy Blu-ray instead. :rolleyes:

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Stand alone players for DVD are old school ;)

My friend, everything today is old school. You buy one thing and few months later, something new comes out which renders your item obsolete, or "old school." And like I said, the new thing today is Blu-ray, not h264. Blu-ray delivers the BEST 1080p picture and audio quality. So, buy Blu-ray and ditch h264.

And I don't buy standalone players anymore. All my standalone players are my older players that I bought over a decade ago. Apparently, DVD players don't break down as easily as VCRs, so while all of my VCRs are gone, all my DVD players are still alive... even my 15 year old Sony DVD player.

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Dude Blu-ray is not the new thing today. It's only a matter of time until all media is digital on a hard drive on some server somewhere. It won't be too long until all physical media is obsolete.

After all what are the benefits of having Blu-ray over all your movies in a digital format on your computer hooked up to your TV? There isn't one. Not sure why you are moaning that digital formats provide worse quality than Blu-ray, because they simply don't. After all Blu-ray is just a DVD with a bigger capacity that allows for larger digital files (meaning better quality) to be put on them

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Dude Blu-ray is not the new thing today. It's only a matter of time until all media is digital on a hard drive on some server somewhere. It won't be too long until all physical media is obsolete.

After all what are the benefits of having Blu-ray over all your movies in a digital format on your computer hooked up to your TV? There isn't one. Not sure why you are moaning that digital formats provide worse quality than Blu-ray, because they simply don't. After all Blu-ray is just a DVD with a bigger capacity that allows for larger digital files (meaning better quality) to be put on them

Physical media will not die. Blu-ray sales keep rising, which means it's a very successful format. Just because a few of you go all-digital, it doesn't mean everyone else it doing the same. And it's hard to go all digital because it makes it easy for people to copy and share files with others. With Blu-ray and DVDs, the formats are encrypted to prevent such a thing.

And people told me not to hook up a computer to the TV. Everyone told me to buy a media player instead. To be honest, a computer makes more sense because you can always install softwares to play any type of video file you want.

And yes, converting any file to another format will also result in quality loss, maybe not noticeable to you, but it's there. Just like MP3 files have lower quality than CDs.. yet people dance away listening to MP3s on their Ipod. Most people don't care, but many audiophiles will not listen to MP3s, only CDs, because CDs sound significantly better!

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No, CD's are not better quality than all MP3's. The problem is that there are a load of bad quality <100kbps MP3's out there that yes do sound awful. Better so many now are 320kpbs+ which sound considerably better than any CD will.

Not sure who told you not to connect your computer up to you TV, but all I can say is they obviously don't know what they are talking about.

Its hard to go all digital because of all the sharing? No, thats what makes it so easy!!

No physical media will never die completely, but it will get closer and closer. Blu-ray sales may be on a slight increase in sales, but not even close to the increase in digital sales or the uptake in streaming services like Netflix. Add to that the slump in DVD sales and physical media is on the downturn. Thats not the case for digital though. Not saying its all a good thing, but its happening.

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No, CD's are not better quality than all MP3's. The problem is that there are a load of bad quality <100kbps MP3's out there that yes do sound awful. Better so many now are 320kpbs+ which sound considerably better than any CD will.

Actually, there is still some quality loss. I used to not be able to hear the difference, but I finally got convinced when I spoke to a few audiophile nuts. They made me listen to the difference on their high-end equipment and you can notice it when listening there. But on the average equipment that non-audiophile nuts own, you really can't hear the difference. And believe me, I call them "audiophile nuts" because they can hear the difference so well that they swear LPs sound better than CDs and MP3s that they actually still buy them.

Not sure who told you not to connect your computer up to you TV, but all I can say is they obviously don't know what they are talking about.

I'm glad I can just do that because I have a laptop and a PC in port on my TV. I can just hook it up and enjoy the files. I know that there are some cheap media players that people referred me to, but after reading those reviews at Amazon, I can see that they are problematic and I'll just get what I pay for. In short, they're cheap for a reason. If I want something good and problem-free, I need to spend a couple of hundred dollars. At least a laptop is guaranteed to play ANY digital file without any issue. If I do encounter a problem, I can simply install a better software. A laptop is the most future-proof route than a digital media player, since a media player is limited.

Its hard to go all digital because of all the sharing? No, thats what makes it so easy!!

Easy for you, but hard for the studios financially since people are not obtaining their movies legally. That is why studios are fighting to keep physical media alive.

No physical media will never die completely, but it will get closer and closer. Blu-ray sales may be on a slight increase in sales, but not even close to the increase in digital sales or the uptake in streaming services like Netflix. Add to that the slump in DVD sales and physical media is on the downturn. Thats not the case for digital though. Not saying its all a good thing, but its happening.

What about 3D Blu-ray? Seems like that's another new thing and what has made my 2D HDTV and 2D Blu-ray player obsolete. If anything, 3D Blu-ray and 3D TVs are going to take over, not digital files. Frankly, the thought of 3D home entertainment makes me sick, but it's the new fad that I've been hearing about a lot lately!

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By the way, I need clarification here. Since you guys are telling me to ditch DVDs and go all-digital, does that mean I should not buy DVDs anymore? There are many DVDs out there (and more to come) that you can't find anywhere else. So, does that mean I should not buy them? Or are guys saying that it's ok to buy them, but just rip and convert them to h264?

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Definitely keep buying DVD's. They're not anywhere near gone yet and they are much cheaper at the moment. But yeah when you buy them, rip them to your computer using a good codec, and you should end up with your own home media centre if you hook it up to your tv.

Thats pretty much what I have going on at the moment. Bought a 2TB drive and everytime I buy a new DVD I rip it and shove it on their. I still buy a lot of cheap DVDs and the 2tb drive is pretty much full already, so I may have to buy another in the near future. It makes it so much easier for me though. Instead of trawling through all by discs. I just browse my whole library on my computer and hit play. I wouldn't say they are full HD quality, but thats only because they are DVDs. They still look the same coming out of my tv as they would playing on my dvd player.

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Good, that puts me more at ease. I'm a big classic movie and TV show fan and they're getting harder to find nowadays. It's a miracle that a lot of them made it to DVD, but sadly, I don't think they would get released on any other format, physical or digital.

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Just at a complete loss to how you think a conversion means loss of quality - comes down to how your converting it.. That dvd of your yours is just digital file on a optical media vs a digital file on a hdd or a ssd, or a br or a compact flash or whatever the next form of storage is.

You do understand that some of your BR are in h264 - br players must support 3 format h262 mpeg2, and h264 mpeg4 and smpte VC-1 and the producer of the br can use which ever one they want. If they go the mpeg4 avc or VC-1 route they can get about twice the run time on the same br single layer 25GB bd-rom.

I understand what your doing, I understand the recording to the dvd of your input, and even keeping this copy as backup. What I don't understand is the re burning to disk again.. When you could just use the digtial media file on larger storage and access it like a library vs having to swap in disks back and forth.

Your like the guy that didn't want to get away from floppy and go hard when hard could store so much more! ;) You have everything arranged in your stacks and stacks of floppies and could not understand that its much easier to just put all those files on 1 disk vs many and be able to access anything instant.

This is the point I have been trying to make the whole thread. Your file is digital on your DVD or on your BR, I am just suggesting that store then on one big disk vs a bunch of little ones. As to the container your mpeg be it 2 or 4 file is in -- how does that change the quality?? It DOESN'T unless you tell it to - if you want to continue to use mpeg 2 --- go for it. You just might want to put it in a different container - say mkv vs some container meant to be understood by standalone players.

The container can store the video or audio streams in whatever format or quality you desire. Now myself change over to mpeg4 vs mpeg2 because its a more efficient compression format. You do understand that mpeg2 is lossy compression as well.. mpeg4 is just more efficient at it than that older format.

If you loosing quality in converting the stream from mpeg2 to mpeg4 it in how your doing the conversion and what settings you pick for the new file. Sure if you pick a lower bitrate its quite possible to see loss of quality, not the process in general or the new format that is causing the loss in quality.

btw: I am a huge fan of the classics myself. I have few jack benny and burns and allen and some abbot and costello dvds I picked up on the bargin bin at walmart. Have then sitting here on my desk waiting to be ripped.. Because I sure an the hell am not going to go looking for these disks when I want to play them. Get up off my couch find the things, open up the container and then put them in some player then back to the couch, etc. When I can simply browse my library and click play on the file I want to watch ;)

And I have a growing collection of humphrey bogart films, some of which are not that good of quality because they were ripped from vhs copies that were recorded off tv. So yes I would be happy to pick them up in a remastered br if it was available, etc. But then I would rip it and put in my library for ease of access.

edit: Its been mentioned already I do believe but makemkv is one example of just changing the container. It pulls the mpeg2 stream and audio streams from your dvd and puts then in the mkv container. It doesn't alter the streams in anyway. Just puts them in a different container. If you think there is loss of quality in that process your not understanding the process.

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The steps to get to the board are as follows: Remove the four smaller Torx screws on the bottom of the ZimaBoard 2; Remove the four larger Torx screws on the sides of the device; Carefully unstick the CMOS battery from the PCB; Remove two Phillips screws on the PCB; Lift out the PCB. Yes, as you can tell from the instructions, you need three different tools to remove Torx and Phillips screws (10 in total), and unhelpfully, one of the screws is located under the CMOS battery, which is stuck onto the PCB. Building Now comes the fun part. Because the ZimaSpace website does not provide any guidance on how to put the Starter Kit together. They only have guidance for connecting the CPU fan. However, they did upload a video to their YouTube channel that shows the entire process. To install the fan, first remove the four screws on the bottom of the ZimaBoard 2, then on the inside, there is a CPU FAN connector where you can attach the fan, reattach the ZimaBoard 2 frame, and feed the fan cable through the provided slit. Then remove the nearest screw on the side and attach the fan frame to the side of the device using the same screw. ZimaBard 2 screws Aligning the screws Bottom view Remember those four screws we removed to access the CPU FAN? Longer screws are provided in the box with the HDD Expansion Bracket, which is what you will now need to attach the ZimaBoard 2 to it. Helpfully, the orientation on how to attach it is made obvious when the frame can only be screwed on at the same overall length as the ZimaBoard 2. If you do it the wrong way around (which is what I did initially) one side hangs off the frame, and it becomes difficult to attach the PCIe Adapter Card cable. PCIe card frame Other side PCIe slot connector Next, it's time to attach the PCIe card frame, which is fastened with the help of 3.5-inch SATA HDD (3 screws). These are toolless screws that you can just use your fingers to fasten them with. Then it is time to connect the provided PCIe cable with the slot connector on one side of the ZimaBoard 2, feed it through the bottom of the HDD frame, and fasten it with two standoffs. Both bracket options 2280 standoffs with 2x 4TB MP44Q The PCIe 3.0 X4 card comes with a short bracket option, handy if you decide to place it inside a different NAS or rack server, but here we need the long bracket. Oddly enough, the M.2 standoffs were preinstalled into the 22110 position, but extra standoffs are included in the box, which I installed at the 2280 position for our use. I added a couple of MP44Q M.2 PCIe 4.0 SSDs (2 x 4TB) that can be availed on Amazon for $478.99 (the lowest price for 3 months) that TEAMGROUP supplied us with Then we have the almost completed build, you just need to push the card into the PCIe slot. Unfortunately, IceWhale Technologies did not provide a screw for the PCIe card frame (this is also apparent in their own video). Here it is at several different angles, with the last pic showing the SATA Y-Cable connected to the two WD Red Plus 4TB drives. Setup and Usage Next, you connect your cables to the I/O, and the ZimaBoard 2 powers on automatically, as there is no power button on the device. Power is controlled through the Settings in ZimaOS. BIOS The ZimaBoard 2 includes an Aptio BIOS from American Megatrends [1, 2, 3], and you can setup pretty much everything here including the boot order, which is locked to the UEFI OS, however above that choice you can enable or disable booting to a SATA/USB bootloader so this would still allow you to switch to an alternative bootloader and boot from it, or disable it to instead always start from the first disk with an OS installed on it. Initial Setup Upon connecting to the LAN and booting up, the ZimaBoard 2 can be reached by navigating to the IP address (shown if you have a monitor connected), or you can find it using the ZIMA Client desktop application, which is essentially a Zima device finder. Initializing the ZimaBoard 2 The ZimaOS setup process is pretty straightforward, through a wizard, and in full above, it basically consists of setting up an account and some handy tips, and that's that! Post Setup (ZimaOS update) Upon first boot, you are alerted that there is a ZimaOS update from 1.5.0 to 1.6.1, which I applied; the full process is shown above with the changelog. ZimaBoard 2 Storage Setup Next, it is time to set up the storage. ZimaOS actually throws everything onto the eMMC flash drive; it is also the default location of AppData, which is definitely something to be wary about, as the 45GB available storage could fill up quickly. HDDs I first attempted to create a Storage Pool using the two 4TB WD Red Plus NAS drives, and got an error message: After several attempts and then looking online, I discovered it was a bug with ZimaOS where the fix was simply to reboot ZimaOS and then try again, this time I was able to create a RAID mirror using the two drives. SSDs I did the same for the SSDs, as you will see in the above gallery, when I created the second Storage Pool, it only allowed me to select available drives. ZimaBoard 2 AppData ZimaOS comes with an App Store that includes a repository of almost 400 apps, so you will be able to find most of what you'll need for a NAS (although after a quick search, I wasn't able to find a Surveillance Manager), and now comes the important part: moving the default AppData location off the 45GB eMMC and onto a larger volume: Open Settings Then Apps Then, in the Select a new location field, click on the new Storage volume you want to move it to (in my case, the Apps Storage Pool), which is the SSD RAID mirror. Confirm the Migration warning Be praised! You can also do this for Docker (which by default installs onto the 45GB eMMC flash drive) and the User database. Plex Setup Next, I tested the configuration by installing the Plex Server app from the App Store. The library folders must already exist (which I placed into the Storage Pool). Plex Server setup is straightforward and requires very little configuration. In my case, all I had to do was add the media path I just created, which you can also browse to using the folder icon in the path field. In addition, you can now map the new Media library in Windows Explorer using the Zima Client. Oddly enough, it is not possible to access the ZimaBoard 2 over the Network Neighborhood; you must map drives using the client, which is shown in the last image in the above gallery. I watched one of my Blu-Ray rips, which is Dolby Vision with Dolby Atmos, and the content played fine with no stuttering or buffering, which is what anyone needs in this scenario. ZimaBoard 2 Zima Client mobile app There's also a client for mobile. It is pretty barebones, as shown in the above gallery, for example, the Apps screen launches the WebUI for that app, and the Backup must be done manually. On opening Backup, you can select internal storage folders on your phone to backup to the ZimaBoard 2's storage, and although this is constantly scanned, the backup action itself must be manually triggered. There is an option to allow foreground backup (last image in the above gallery), but this basically means the queued backup gets triggered when you manually open the app. Benchmarking SATA PCIe 3.0 X4 A CrystalDiskMark test on a mapped network drive from within a Windows 11 25H2 PC (image above) connected over a 2.5 GbE was well within acceptable ranges. Writes were generally better on the SSD RAID mirror. SATA PCIe 3.0 X1 I also ran the NAS Performance tester, which tests the link speed performance. As you can see, it pretty much maxes out the 2.5GbE connection. Of course, you can also opt to bond the two 2.5 GbE connections for a bit more umph, but I didn't do that. Thermals Top PCIe card SATA HDDs Next, I measured some hotspots while playing content on Plex. It's fair to say this will perform better than a NAS that is enclosed in a metal or plastic case, as almost everything storage-wise is exposed! Anyway, the ZimaBoard 2 did not break a sweat with Plex streaming or disk benchmarks. ZimaOS Factory Reset ZimaOS does not include a factory reset option. Instead, you have to download the ZimaOS image and flash it to the eMMC manually. The flashing process is shown in the above gallery. The steps to do so are listed below: Download the ZimaOS image here; Open BalenaEtcher (Run as Administrator) and select the image; Select your inserted USB drive (min 8 GB) Flash to it; Connect your USB drive, monitor, keyboard, USB hub (optional), mouse (optional), and network cable (recommended) to the ZimaBoard 2; Connect power and press F11 continuously; Select your USB drive starting with UEFI in the boot device menu; Press Enter on the Install ZimaOS option; Select /dev/mmcblk0 (MMC) flash drive as target; Confirm with (three times) to wipe the target disk; Wait a couple of minutes while ZimaOS installs; Remove the USB drive and confirm with a reboot; Your ZimaBoard 2 has been factory reset. However, you don't have to stick with ZimaOS, in fact the company also offers official CasaOS images, that are based on Debian; or as they say themselves, put anything you want on this "hackable single board server" it's up to you. Conclusion I had a lot of fun putting this together. I've custom-built all my own PCs and servers since the 90s, and this is the first time I have had to put a NAS together. Even if the actual base ZimaBoard 2 was already a completed build, it still feels pretty custom. I just wish that IceWhale Technology included a getting-started guide in the box for the Start Kit, which would have really completed this kit. Instead, I had to search for the official video on the YouTube channel to make sure I wasn't doing anything wrong. So who is this for? Definitely the hobbyist who is comfortable building their own PC and servers. It also has a much smaller footprint than its nearest equivalent (in terms of specs), like the Beelink Me Pro, which is another NAS I will be testing soon. Although the Beelink does not come with the PCIe 3.0 X4 expansion, the ZimaBoard 2 Starter Kit suddenly looks to be a great bargain, even if it only offers the two 3.5-inch bays over the four in the other example. It makes a lot of sense to use Intel's N150 chip inside a NAS; it is more than capable of doing what the ZimaBoard 2 is intended for, media streaming and backup. It also looks like the IceWhale Technology staff are quite active in the official forums helping people with issues they come across with ZimaOS and the devices, peer support seems to be good as well, I was quickly able to find why I was not able to create a new Storage Pool in ZimaOS v1.6.1 even though that is quite a serious bug, hopefully it will be fixed in the next update. If you are comfortable with the command line and Docker, you'll be fine. You can do great things with this hardware. This was my first time with ZimaOS. It seems a bit barebones in comparison to the likes of Synology DSM, TOS, and UGOS, but it has a ton of apps to get you started with your home or small business NAS. Where to buy As of publishing, IceWhale Technology is running a discount of up to 5% for the Starter Kit. If you opt to get just the ZimaBoard 2 itself, it does come with a SATA Y-Cable, so you will be able to connect up to two 3.5-inch HDDs to it. ZimaBoard 2 1668 Starter Kit for $534.50 on Amazon US (was $548.60) ZimaBoard 2 832 Starter Kit for $372.88 on Amazon US (was $390.60) Zimaboard 2 1668 (16GB+64GB) for $419.90 on Amazon US Zimaboard 2 832 (8GB+32GB) for $359.90 on Amazon Disclosure: IceWhale Technology provided a free sample without any editorial input or review pre-approval. Good to know The Amazon link is U.S. specific, and not available in other regions unless specified. We only use first-party seller links (at the time of article publishing); ensure that you purchase from a first-party seller link only. Check out Today's Deals on Amazon | or our recent tech deals. 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    • It's in the Insider's group so yes it's technically beta, though these days it's hard to see much of a difference unless you opt for the most extreme beta builds, which I don't. When I moved here from the Release Preview channel I did so primarily because I wanted to see how well the restored taskbar functionality (restored from Win10, and earlier) is working and whether it was time to finally abandon SAB--and it is--working fine, so far. Not as polished as SAB, but it'll do for me.
    • I've been using MWB Premium for a number of years so that along with Windows updates and updated browser should be fine. Thanks for that.
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