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Servo Control with Micropython - with the ESP 8266 ...- compared to Arduino
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OpenAI exposes secret propaganda campaigns tied to multiple countries by David Uzondu Back in February, OpenAI shut down accounts that were busy developing Chinese surveillance tools aimed at the West. These tools were designed to snoop on social media, look for anti-China sentiment and protests, and report back to Chinese authorities. Now, OpenAI has announced it has disrupted even more shady operations, and not just those tied to China. In a report released Thursday, the company detailed how it recently dismantled ten different operations that were misusing its artificial intelligence tools. One of the China-linked groups, which OpenAI called "Sneer Review," used ChatGPT to churn out short comments for sites like TikTok, X, and Facebook. The topics varied, from U.S. politics to criticism of a Taiwanese game, where players work against the Chinese Communist Party. This operation even generated posts and then replied to its own posts to fake real discussions. What is particularly interesting is that the group also used ChatGPT to write internal performance reviews, describing how well they were running their influence campaign. Another operation with ties to China involved individuals posing as journalists and geopolitical analysts. They used ChatGPT to write social media posts and biographies for their fake accounts on X, translate messages from Chinese to English, and analyze data. OpenAI mentioned that this group even analyzed correspondence addressed to a U.S. Senator. On top of that, these actors used OpenAI's models to create marketing materials, basically advertising their services for running fake social media campaigns and recruiting intelligence sources. OpenAI also disrupted operations, probably originating in Russia and Iran. There was also a spam operation from a marketing company in the Philippines, a recruitment scam linked to Cambodia, and a deceptive job campaign that looked like something North Korea might orchestrate. Ben Nimmo, from OpenAI's intelligence team, noted the wide range of tactics and platforms these groups are using. However, he also said these operations were mostly caught early and did not manage to fool large numbers of real people. According to Nimmo, "We didn't generally see these operations getting more engagement because of their use of AI. For these operations, better tools don't necessarily mean better outcomes." -
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My best decision: SHIFT+DELETE WINDOWS Then Installed Fedora Linux. Now I am a Happy Person
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tarifa
hello dear community,
first of all - i hope that my beginner-question will fit into this sub-forum. I hope so.
Servo Control with Micropython - with the ESP 8266 ...- compared to Arduino
I work with young kids and I'm always looking for economical platforms to build intriguing projects. While we can say that Arduino clones are pretty cheap, it uses the C/C++ language that the kids are not familiar with. This is pretty challenging. Also and furthermore, it doesn't have a built-in WiFi which is a must for all the IoT projects that i have in mind. On the other hand, while Raspberry Pi has WIFI and kids can program it using Python, it is still an expensive platform to just control few GPIO ports to turn devices on and off. I need something in between that has both WIFI and Python capabilities. It appears that I found my answer in MicroPython flashed onto a cheap ESP8266-based board.
so going the Micropython way is a good thing i thought;
now - for the RC-Car Projects i have in mind i found a interesting library. + see this Micropython Library for Hobby Servo Control for ESP8266
cf: https://bitbucket.org/thesheep/micropython-servo/src/default/
usage: To use this library, we simply need to copy it to the ESP8266's filesystem,
or include it in the scripts directory while compiling the Micropython firmware.
cf: https://bitbucket.org/thesheep/micropython-servo/src/default/
work and use case: The way the servos work is that we send them a square wave signal with a fixed frequency (for analog servos this is usually 50Hz, but the digital servos may be furthermore able to accept up to 300Hz signals): with that the duty cycle controls the servo position exactly. The tradition is that at duty cycle of 1500µs the servo goes to its center position.
well - I have a question an an idea.
is 3V3 enough to run this!? The thing that looks interesting to me in this class is the fact,
that in the example for the ESP min is said to be 40 and max to be 115... and I allways thought how can we make 180° out off that (Chapter 7.2) cf http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/tutorial/pwm.html?highlight=servo#control-a-hobby-servo
generally spoken - and compared to the Arduino: Then I looked into the source and saw that this used totally differnent values for min and max microseconds 600 and 2400. Well if we compare this to the Arduino reference and they to also took totally different values 1000 to 2000. See: Is it a depending on the servo manufacture that some values are min is 400 µs lower and the max is 400 µs larger.
the question to me: Why are the examples from the mircopython docu totaly different?
Finally i want to add an idea. What about an read method, at least the arduino has got one.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/ServoWriteMicroseconds
BTW one question: - do we need that library - cannot we just start without that... - cf this post:
https://icircuit.net/micropython-controlling-servo-esp32-nodemcu/2385
Servos are exciting devices. We can get precise posting with minimal code, all we need is a controller that can produce PWM at 50Hz.
the main thing is to understand how to use ESP32 to control Servo. We will be using micropython to program ESP32/NodeMCU. The greate thing about MicroPython is that it is platform independent (mostly), which means code written for NodeMCU (ESP8266) can be used on ESP32 as well.
To use MicroPython on ESP32, First we need to load MicroPython Interpreter. Check out ESP32
– Getting started with MicroPython post to load interpreter and tools you can use with micro python. https://icircuit.net/esp32-micropython-getting-started/1999
If you are using NodeMCU, then refer to this post https://icircuit.net/nodemcu-getting-started-micropython/2406 by the way: MicroPython has PWM support. You can find full documentation of PWM library here http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/tutorial/pwm.html
Environment requirements:
we need a ESP32 or NodeMCU
Machine with uPyCraft to load python files to the device
Controlling Servo: Connect servo signal pin to GPIO2 of the ESP, you need to power the servo as well
Code: All you need is couple of python lines to control the servo, how easy is that
The PWM method of machine takes two inputs, the pin to which we want connect servo
(in case of ESP8266 we can choose one from 0, 2, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14 and 15) and frequency of the PWM signal. Most of the hobby servos work with 50Hz PWM, so we choose that. Then we can use duty method to set the angle we can call servo.duty() method to change the set the servo angle
so the question is just - do we need that library - cannot we just start without that
love to hear from you
Edited by tarifaLink to comment
https://www.neowin.net/forum/topic/1385831-servo-control-%C2%A0with-micropython-with-the-esp-8266-compared-to-arduino%C2%A0/Share on other sites
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