how do i defrag a disk?


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If you are running OSX, you don't need to defrag. It's just not necessary. OSX runs on a Unix-based file system which doesn't fragment.

Some think you should optimize the disk every now and then. Use DiskWarrior for that. I really don't think it's necessary at all.

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You don't really have to do that AFAIK. You can check the disk with fsck or fsck -y in single user mode.

There are two ways to get to single user mode.

Boot the mac with Option - S held down

1. Enter your admin username and then password

2. enter either fsck or fsck -y

or

On the login screen:

1. Press the down arrow to select one user in the list.

2. Hold the option key, and press return.

3. Enter >console in the username box and press return to enter text mode.

4. Enter your admin username and then password

5. Enter: sudo shutdown now

6. Supply your admin password again.

7. Enter either fsck or fsck -y

When you are finished, enter reboot to restart the machine.

There might be a defrag for HFS+ drives with the Norton Utilities but it's probably not necessary.

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