guru Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 go thro this thread first This thread is not to prove Indian culture is superior to that of any other just an reply to chickenwrap's comment that we are full of fake pride and had achived nothing further DivADPArADox's suggestions thats some of the stuff i posted as achivements were either wrong/not ours. in the last thread i had said let me start with our oldest and i'll stick to math and medicine.... so here goes 0. from DivADPArADox in earlier thread Wikipedia Source: The Maya (or their Olmec predesessors) independently developed the concept of zero (indeed, they seem to have been using the concept centuries before the Old World), and used a base 20 numbering system (see Maya numerals). Inscriptions show them on occasion working with sums up to the hundreds of millions. we use base 10 numerals now and thats from India.source: from DivADPArADox in earlier thread Pythagoras (582 BC - 496 BC, Greek: ???a???a?) was a Greek mathematician and philosopher, known best for the Pythagorean Theorem. Pythagoras lived in Greece. Greece is in Europe, I think he beat your friend by about 1000 years then Ancient Indian mathematicians in our archive in chronological order from the School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews,Scotland Baudhayana: Born/died - about 800 BC in India from DivADPArADox in earlier thread Bhaskaracharya otherwise known as Bhaskara is probably the most well known mathematician of ancient Indian today. Bhaskara was born in 1114 A.D. Do I have the correct Bhaskaracharya? Because he was born in the 1100's, not the 400's? Bhaskara lived around 600 ADPlease refer to the article "The origin of Mathematics" Seidenberg, A. Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 18.301-342 In the paper, Seidenberg concludes, that "Old Babylonia [1700BC] got the theorem of Pythagoras from India ...". He also concludes that the geometry and mathematics had a ritual origin and that the Indian geometry predates Greek geometry by many centuries. Pythagoras theorem and other geometry was used in ancient India for the creation of fire altars with precise relationship between the various altars. (The altars could be square or circular or a combinations of both). The Sulvasutras/ShulbhaSutras, meaning "codes of the rope" by Baudhayana, conservatively dated to prior to 800BC, is a compendium of aphorisms and states the "Pythagoras", in the context of creating fire altars, exactly as "The diagonal chord of the rectangle makes both the squares that the horizontal and vertical sides make separately." Meaning that the square made with the diagonal chord of the rectangle equals the sum of the areas of the squares created by the horizontal and vertical sides separately. 2. The world's first known university was established in Takshila in India in 700 BC where 10,500 students studied more than 60 subjects at anytime. 3. from DivADPArADox in earlier thread You are correct the language is so precise, that it is a dead language because it was over complicated. It was replaced with more direct and useful languages. Sanskrit may be spoken by only about 50000 people in India and may be dead but then so was hebrew in 1880 :). Now its the official language of Isreal and a lot more people speak Hebrew. BUT thats not the point.it was about why sanskrit is the most suitable [Human] language for computer programming. ---------------- "Panini should be thought of as the forerunner of the modern formal language theory used to specify computer languages," say J J O'Connor and E F Robertson. Their article also quotes: "Sanskrit's potential for scientific use was greatly enhanced as a result of the thorough systemisation of its grammar by Panini. ... On the basis of just under 4000 sutras [rules expressed as aphorisms ], he built virtually the whole structure of the Sanskrit language, whose general 'shape' hardly changed for the next two thousand years." ----------------- Words in Sanskrit are instances of pre-defined classes, a concept that drives object oriented programming [OOP] today. 5. from DivADPArADox in earlier threadHerbal remedies and observing that people are sick is a long way away from "founding medicine". I'm sure this was done by hundreds of thousands of people in every little tribe that littered the planet at this time. Wikipedia: Sushruta was an ancient Indian surgeon (who was possibly born in 7th century BC) and is the author of the book Sushruta Samhita, in which he describes over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery in 8 categories. In the Sushruta school, the first person to expound Ayurvedic knowledge was Dhanvantari who then taught it to Divodasa who, in turn, taught it to Sushruta, Aupadhenava, Aurabhra, Paushakalavata, Gopurarak****a, and Bhoja. He is credited with performing cosmetic surgery and especially with using forehead skin to reconstruct noses. Timeline of Medicine - wikipedia: Sushruta PRE-DATES Hippocrates. more info: Shushruta was one of the first to study the human anatomy. In the ShusrutaSamahita he has described in detail the study of anatomy with the aid of a dead body. Shusruta's forte was rhinoplasty (Plastic surgery) and ophthalmialogy (ejection of cataracts). Shushruta has described surgery under eight heads Chedya (excision), Lekhya (scarification), Vedhya (puncturing), Esya (exploration), Ahrya (extraction), Vsraya (evacuation) and Sivya (Suturing). clearly there's more to ayurveda than what u suggested. Sushruta was an ancient Indian surgeon (who was possibly born in 7th century BC) and is the author of the book Sushruta Samhita, in which he describes over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery in 8 categories. this was BEFORE Hippocrates. one other thing ... India was one of the richest countries in the world then There's no doubt that imperial rule was a disaster. Take India. When the British first moved into Bengal, it was one of the richest places in the world. The first British merchant warriors described it as a paradise. That area is now Bangladesh and Calcutta -- the very symbols of despair and hopelessness. There were rich agricultural areas producing unusually fine cotton. They also had advanced manufacturing, by the standards of the day. For example, an Indian firm built one of the flagships for an English admiral during the Napoleonic Wars. It wasn't built in British factories -- it was the Indians' own manufacture. There's no doubt that imperial rule was a disaster. Take India. When the British first moved into Bengal, it was one of the richest places in the world. The first British merchant warriors described it as a paradise. That area is now Bangladesh and Calcutta -- the very symbols of despair and hopelessness. There were rich agricultural areas producing unusually fine cotton. They also had advanced manufacturing, by the standards of the day. For example, an Indian firm built one of the flagships for an English admiral during the Napoleonic Wars. It wasn't built in British factories -- it was the Indians' own manufacture. You can read about what happened in Adam Smith, who was writing over two hundred years ago. He deplored the deprivations that the British were carrying out in Bengal. As he puts it, they first destroyed the agricultural economy and then turned "dearth into a famine." One way they did this was by taking the agricultural lands and turning them into poppy production (since opium was the only thing Britain could sell to China). Then there was mass starvation in Bengal. The British also tried to destroy the existing manufacturing system in the parts of India they controlled. Starting from about 1700, Britain imposed harsh tariff regulations to prevent Indian manufacturers from competing with British textiles. They had to undercut and destroy Indian textiles because India had a comparative advantage. They were using better cotton and their manufacturing system was in many respects comparable to, if not better than, the British system. The British succeeded. India deindustrialized, it ruralized. As the industrial revolution spread in England, India was turning into a poor, ruralized and agrarian country. It wasn't until 1846, when their competitors had been destroyed and they were way ahead, that Britain suddenly discovered the merits of free trade. Read the British liberal historians, the big advocates of free trade -- they were very well aware of it. Right through that period they say: "Look, what we're doing to India isn't pretty, but there's no other way for the mills of Manchester to survive. We have to destroy the competition." And it continues. We can pursue this case by case through India. In 1944, Nehru [first prime minister of India] wrote an interesting book [The Discovery of India] from a British prison. He pointed out that if you trace British influence and control in each region of India, and then compare that with the level of poverty in the region, they correlate. The longer the British have been in a region, the poorer it is. The worst, of course, was Bengal -- now Bangladesh. That's where the British were first. ---=--- comments :whistle: Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
SixSixSix Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 good find guru (Y) (Y) (Y) (Y) (Y) (Y) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
username Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 "oh my god" Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
clangorous Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 (edited) Yup Waiting for the Comments and Denials of the fact (Y) Edited December 30, 2003 by clangorous Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Schueyeee Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 There we go again.. Where's my gear.... Huntin for it...... BRB.. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
kiladi Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 guru i am with u (Y) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Joel Posted December 30, 2003 Share Posted December 30, 2003 And why can we go thru this again? :blink: Closed Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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